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NAO News letter August 1, 2008
Ê¿À®20ǯÅÙÀÇÀ©²þÀµ¡Ý¾ðÊó´ðÈ×¶¯²½ÀÇÀ©

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2008 Tax Reform – Tax Incentives on Information Infrastructure Investments

For the purpose of facilitating information infrastructure investment, the scope of software eligible for tax incentives has been expanded and the minimum investment requirement has been lowered for small and medium companies (SMEs). For large corporations, a limit has been placed on the amount of investment that can qualify for this tax incentive.

Information infrastructure tax law allows one to elect either 35% special depreciation on the acquisition cost or 7% tax credit on the acquisition cost (not to exceed 20% of corporate income tax) for information infrastructure facilities acquired and placed in service for business in Japan. Eligibility for this tax treatment is limited to corporations and individuals filing under the blue return status.

1. Scope of qualified information infrastructure facilities
(Pre-reform) (1) The following software certified by ¡ÈISO/IEC15408¡É
­¡ Operating systems for servers (including the associated server)
­¢ Database control software (including the associated application software)
­£ Firewall software or systems (restricted to those that are placed in service together with ­¡ or ­¢)
(Post-reform) The following software has been added to the above.
(2) Certain software connecting information systems between divisions and corporations

2. Acquisition cost requirements
To be eligible for the tax incentive, the total annual acquisition cost of information infrastructure facilities must be no less than the amount indicated below.


Corporations with capital of 100 million yen or less and individuals
(Pre-reform) 3 million yen
(Post-reform) 0.7 million yen
Corporations with capital of more than 100 million yen and less than or equal to one billion yen
(Pre-reform) 30 million yen
(Post-reform) 30 million yen
Corporations with capital of more than one billion yen
(Pre-reform) 100 million yen
(Post-reform)100 million yen (Maximum 20 billion yen)

The above amendments will apply to fiscal years beginning on or after April 1, 2008.


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NAO News letter June 26, 2008
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2008 Tax Reform – Tax Credit for Employee Training Expenses

Employer tax credits for employee training expenses have been amended and now are available only to small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). This reform aims to lower the threshold for the employee training tax credit by allowing SMEs to claim a certain percentage of the gross amount of staff training expenses incurred. Pre-reform rules only allowed tax credits for certain increases in average staff training expenses.

Pre-reform
¡¦ Applicable period:
Corporations -- Fiscal years starting between April 1, 2005 and March 31, 2008
¡¡Sole proprietorships -- Each fiscal year from 2006 to 2008
¡¦ Eligibility: Individuals and Corporations filing a blue tax return.
¡¦ Requirements: Employee training expenses for the current year have increased over the average training expenses for the previous two years.
¡¦ Calculation of tax credit:
(Current year training expenses ¡Ý Average training expenses for the past two years) x 25%
*SMEs can elect to use a special calculation method as an alternative to the above method.
¡¦ Maximum tax credit:
Corporations – 10% of current year corporate income tax
Sole proprietorships – 10% of tax levied on business income

Post-reform
¡¦ Applicable period:
Corporations – Fiscal years starting between April 1, 2008 and March 31, 2009
Sole proprietorships – Each fiscal year beginning from 2009
¡¦ Eligibility: SMEs filing a blue tax return
¡¦ Requirements: Employee training expense is 0.15% or more of gross labor costs
¡¦ Calculation of tax credit:
Total employee training expenses x Tax credit ratio* (8-12%)
*Tax credit ratio=8% + (Ratio of employee training expense to gross labor costs) x 40
¡¦ Maximum tax credit:
Corporations – 20% of current year corporate income tax
Sole proprietorships – 20% of tax levied on business income







¥Æ¡¼¥Þ:²ñ·×¡¦ÀÇ̳ / ÀÇÍý»Î - ¥¸¥ã¥ó¥ë:¥Ó¥¸¥Í¥¹

NAO News letter May 28, 2008
Ê¿À®20ǯÅÙÀÇÀ©²þÀµ¡Ý¹±µ×Ū»ÜÀߤȤµ¤ì¤ëÂåÍý¿Í¤ÎÈϰϤÎÊѹ¹

Èóµï½»¼Ô¤Þ¤¿¤Ï³°¹ñË¡¿Í¤ËÂФ¹¤ë²ÝÀǤˤĤ¤¤Æ¡¢¤½¤Î²ÝÀÇɸ½à¤ò¶èʬ¤¹¤ë*¹±µ×Ū»ÜÀߤȤµ¤ì¤ëÂåÍý¿ÍÅù¡Ê¼«¸Ê¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë·ÀÌó¤òÄù·ë¤¹¤ë¸¢¸Â¤Î¤¢¤ë¼Ô¤½¤Î¾¤³¤ì¤Ë½à¤º¤ë¼Ô¡Ë¤ÎÈϰϤ«¤é¡¢ÆÈΩ¤ÎÃϰ̤òÍ­¤¹¤ëÂåÍý¿ÍÅù(¤½¤ÎÂåÍý¿Í¤¬Ìä²°¡¢Ãç²ð¿ÍÅù¤ÎÆÈΩ¤·¤¿»ñ³Ê¤òÍ­¤·¡¢ÂåÍý¹Ô°Ù¤òÄ̾ï¤Î»ö¶È³èư¤È¤·¤Æ¹Ô¤¦¼Ô)¤¬½ü¤«¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤È¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

¤³¤Î²þÀµ¤Ï¡¢Ê¿À®£²£°Ç¯£´·î£±Æü°Ê¸å¤Î*¹±µ×Ū»ÜÀߤȤµ¤ì¤ëÂåÍý¿ÍÅù¤ÎȽÄê¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤ÆÅ¬ÍѤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

*¹±µ×Ū»ÜÀߤȤϡݹ±µ×Ū»ÜÀß(Permanent Establishment:¡¡PE)¤È¤Ï¡¢»ÙŹ¡¢½ÐÄ¥½ê¡¢·úÀ߸½¾ì¤½¤Î¾°ìÄê¤Î¾ì½ê¤ò¤¤¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¹ñºÝ²ÝÀǤˤª¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢¡ÖPE¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð²ÝÀǤʤ·¡×¤È¤¤¤¦¸¶Â§¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¢Èóµï½»¼Ô¡¢³°¹ñË¡¿Í¤Î¹±µ×Ū»ÜÀߤ¬¹ñÆâ¤Ë¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¸¶Â§¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢»ö¶È½êÆÀ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¡¢¹ñÆâ¤Ç¤Î²ÝÀǤÏÀ¸¤¸¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

2008 Tax Reform—Change in scope of agents deemed to be a ¡ÈPermanent Establishment¡É

The scope of agents (a person who has authority to conclude contracts on behalf of another) deemed to be a permanent establishment (PE)*, the main instrument used to determine taxing jurisdiction over business activities of non-residents and foreign corporations, has been changed. Specifically, agents of independent status (agents with independent qualifications of a general commission agent, broker etc. and acting as such in the ordinary course of business) have been excluded from the definition of agent PEs.

This change applies to determinations made on or after April 1, 2008 in connection with whether an agent will create a PE

*Permanent Establishment
A Permanent Establishment (PE) includes a branch, office, construction site and other fixed place of business. International taxation rules provide that no tax will be imposed in principle when no PE exists. Accordingly, if a non-resident or foreign corporation has no PE in a contracting state, business income will not be subject to domestic taxation in that contracting state.


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NAO News letter April 3, 20008
Ê¿À®20ǯÅÙÀÇÀ©Âç¹Ë¡ÝÈóµï½»¼Ô¤Þ¤¿¤Ï³°¹ñË¡¿Í¤ÎÍø»Ò½êÆÀ¤ËÂФ¹¤ë²ÝÀǤβþÀµ(4/3¸½ºß¹ñ²ñ¤Ç¿³µÄÃæ¡¢4·î30Æü²Ä·è¡Ë

­¡¹ñÆâ¸»Àô½êÆÀ¤ÎÈϰϤˡ¢³°¹ñË¡¿Í¤¬È¯¹Ô¤¹¤ëºÄ·ô¤ÎÍø»Ò¤Î¤¦¤Á¡¢¹ñÆâ¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¹Ô¤¦»ö¶È¤Ëµ¢¤»¤é¤ì¤ë¤â¤Î¤¬²Ã¤¨¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

­¢³°¹ñË¡¿Í¤¬¹ñ³°¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤ÆÈ¯¹Ô¤¹¤ë³ä°úºÄ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¡¢¤½¤Î³ä°úºÄ¤Îȯ¹Ôº¹¶â¤Î¤¦¤Á¡¢¹ñÆâ¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¹Ô¤¦»ö¶È¤Ëµ¢¤»¤é¤ì¤ë¤â¤Î¤¬¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤½¤Îȯ¹Ô»þ¤ËÅê»ñ²È¤¬¼õ¤±¤ë¤Ù¤­½þ´Ôº¹±×¤Î¤¦¤Á¡¢¤³¤ì¤ËÂбþ¤¹¤ëÉôʬ¤ËÂФ·¤Æ18¡ó¤ÎÀÇΨ¤Ë¤è¤ê¸»Àôħ¼ý¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

­£Ì±´Ö¹ñ³°ºÄÅùÍø»Ò¤Î²ÝÀÇ¤ÎÆÃÎã¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¡¢ÂоݤÎÈϰϤˡ¢°ìÄê¤Î³°¹ñË¡¿Í¤¬È¯¹Ô¤¹¤ëºÄ·ô¤ÎÍø»Ò¤ò²Ã¤¨¡¢Å¬ÍÑ´ü¸Â¤¬£²Ç¯±äŤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤³¤Î²þÀµ¤Ï¡¢³°¹ñË¡¿Í¤¬Ê¿À®£²£°Ç¯£´·î£±Æü°Ê¸å¤Ëȯ¹Ô¤¹¤ëºÄ·ô¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤ÆÅ¬ÍѤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£¡Ê¸½ºß¡¢¹ñ²ñ¤Ç¿³µÄÃæ¡Ë

2008 Tax Reform Proposal –Tax Reform on Interest Income earned by Non-residents or Foreign Corporations (4/3currently under Diet deliberation, legislation passed on April 30 )

­¡The scope of ¡Èdomestic sourced income¡É will be expanded to include interest on bonds issued by foreign corporations provided that such income is attributable to businesses conducted in Japan.

­¢With regard to discount bonds issued outside of Japan by foreign corporations, if the bond discount amount is attributable to businesses conducted in Japan, profits on redemption that are receivable by investors at time of issuance will be subject to 18% withholding tax.

­£The tax exemption rule for interest on ¡Èminkan kokugaisai¡É (bonds issued outside of Japan by Japanese corporations and whose interest is also paid outside of Japan) will also apply to interest on bonds issued by certain foreign corporations. Further, this tax exemption rule will be extended for another two years.

The above amendments will apply to bonds issued by foreign corporations on or after April 1, 2008 (currently under Diet deliberation).


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NAO News letter February 1, 2008
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¿Æ»Ò´ÖÇÛÅö(ľ´Ö10¡ó°Ê¾å¤Î³ô¼°¤ò£¶¥ö·î°Ê¾åÊÝÍ­) ¢ª 5%
¿Æ»Ò´ÖÇÛÅö(ÆüËܸ»Àô:ľÀÜ15¡ó°Ê¾å¤Î³ô¼°¤ò£¶¥ö·î°Ê¾åÊÝÍ­Ëô¤Ï
ľ´Ö25¡ó°Ê¾å¤Î³ô¼°¤ò£¶¥ö·î°Ê¾åÊÝÍ­ )¡¡¢ª¡¡ÌÈÀÇ(*)
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(*)¾åµ­¤ÎŬÍѤò¼õ¤±¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡ÖÆÃŵ¾ò¹à¡×¤¬Æ³Æþ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤·¤¿¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¡¢ÆÃŵ¾ò¹à¤ÎŬÍѤΤ¢¤ë¾ò¹à(ÇÛÅö¡ÝÌȽüµ¬Äê¡¢Íø»Ò¡ÝÌȽüµ¬Äê¡¢»ÈÍÑÎÁ)¤ÎŬÍѤò¼õ¤±¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ÆÃŵ¾ò¹à¤ÎÍ×·ï¤òËþ¤¿¤µ¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

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¡¡
New Japan-France Tax Treaty (effective date: on or after January 1, 2008)

Major revisions to the treaty are as follows.
­¡Reduction of withholding tax rates
DIVIDENDS
All other dividends: 15% (Before revision) ¢ª 10% (After revision)
Dividends from group companies:
¡¦Direct or indirect ownership of at least 10% of voting shares for
six months ¢ª5%
¡¦Japan-source dividends: Direct ownership of at least 15% of voting
shares for 6 months OR direct or indirect ownership of at least 25% of
voting shares for six months ¢ª0% (*)
¡¦French-source dividends: Direct or indirect ownership of at least 15% of vo
ting shares for six months ¢ª0% (*)
INTEREST
Qualified financial institutions etc: 10% (Before) ¢ª 0% (After)(*)
ROYALTIES: 10% (Before) ¢ª 0% (After)(*)

(*) The new tax treaty includes a Limitation on Benefits (LOB) provision. Therefore, to claim the tax treaty benefits under the LOB provision (Dividends-withholding tax exemption, interest-withholding tax exemption, royalties), certain LOB conditions must be satisfied.

­¢ Social insurance premium provision
In connection with the Japan-France Social Insurance Agreement, social insurance premiums paid under the social security system of the contracting state can be deducted in the calculation of taxable income in the other contracting state in which services are rendered. However, deductions are subject to limitations.

­£ Tax treatment of silent partnerships (tokumei-kumiai)
Under the new treaty, income derived by a silent partnership (tokumei-kumiai) will be taxable in accordance with the laws of the source state (Under Japanese domestic law, withholding tax rate of 20% will apply).


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